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jenkins部署及使用

chenkun运维大约 5 分钟

1、jenkins插件更新报错

1.1 报错如下，ssl证书问题

image-20220415144539319

Jenkins(2020年及以后版本，2.260以上)安装后，插件下载时失败，网上找了各种解决方法，修改jenkins插件的下载源地址：

找到菜单Manage Jenkins → Manage Plugins → Advanced → Update Site，

把URL改为 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/updates/update-center.json

或把默认地址 https://updates.jenkins.io/update-center.json 的https改为http再重启。

我使用的是最新版本（2022-04-15），使用以上方式无效。

1.2 解决办法

  1. 新建一个java源文件InstallCert.java，内容如下。
  2. 编译javac InstallCert.java
  3. 执行java InstallCert <hostname>出现提示后按1，回车。会生成jssecacerts 文件。hostname是mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn，记得在jenkins中把插件仓库地址设置为https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/updates/update-center.json
  4. 将第3步生成的jssecacerts 拷贝到$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security
  5. 重启jenkins
  6. 重新更新插件
/*
 * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

public class InstallCert {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String host;
        int port;
        char[] passphrase;
        if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
            String[] c = args[0].split(":");
            host = c[0];
            port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
            String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
            passphrase = p.toCharArray();
        } else {
            System.out
                    .println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
            return;
        }

        File file = new File("jssecacerts");
        if (file.isFile() == false) {
            char SEP = File.separatorChar;
            File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"
                    + SEP + "security");
            file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
            if (file.isFile() == false) {
                file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
            }
        }
        System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
        InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
        ks.load(in, passphrase);
        in.close();

        SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
                .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        tmf.init(ks);
        X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf
                .getTrustManagers()[0];
        SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
        context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
        SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();

        System.out
                .println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
        SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
        socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
        try {
            System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
            socket.startHandshake();
            socket.close();
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
        } catch (SSLException e) {
            System.out.println();
            e.printStackTrace(System.out);
        }

        X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
        if (chain == null) {
            System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
            return;
        }

        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                System.in));

        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
        System.out.println();
        MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
        MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
            X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
            System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "
                    + cert.getSubjectDN());
            System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());
            sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
            System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
            md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
            System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
            System.out.println();
        }

        System.out
                .println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
        String line = reader.readLine().trim();
        int k;
        try {
            k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
            return;
        }

        X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
        String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
        ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);

        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
        ks.store(out, passphrase);
        out.close();

        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(cert);
        System.out.println();
        System.out
                .println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
                        + alias + "'");
    }

    private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();

    private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
        for (int b : bytes) {
            b &= 0xff;
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
            sb.append(' ');
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

        private final X509TrustManager tm;
        private X509Certificate[] chain;

        SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
            this.tm = tm;
        }

        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }

        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
                throws CertificateException {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }

        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
                throws CertificateException {
            this.chain = chain;
            tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
        }
    }

}

2、gitlab通过webhook调用jenkins

gitlab自带的ci/cd很强大，但是还没有仔细研究，配置相对繁琐，所以直接采用webhook回调的方式调用我熟悉的jenkins

2.1 jenkins端配置

  1. 安装插件Generic Webhook Trigger
  2. 在 构建触发器勾上，勾上后会有个提示的url，把里面的JENKINS_URL改一下，这个url在系统设置有

image-20220622183404790

  1. 设置一个token

image-20220622183613303

2.1 、gitlab服务端配置

用管理员或者Maintener账户登录，进入仓库的设置，选择webhooks，填入url和token，url要从jenkins去看

url就是jenkins中提示的那个，更换JENKINS_URL后就是http://10.10.102.105:8899/jenkins/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke,token和jenkins保持一致，把下面的ssl校验去掉。根据自己需求选择触发jenkins的实际，这里我选择push时触发

image-20220622182858347

点击测试：

image-20220622183909687

3、使用部署springboot项目滚动显示日志

需求：

jenkins部署在105服务器，而springboot项目需要部署在106上，要求启动项目时能滚动显示启动日志

  1. 添加git地址，指定分支refactor

image-20220627121343842

  1. 配置gitlab触发器，让gitlab提交时自动触发jenkins，Generic Webhook Trigger插件需要自行安装，要把jenkins地址配置到gitlab对应仓库

image-20220627121511257

  1. maven打包编译

image-20220627121625898

  1. 打包后把包通过插件（Send files or execute commands over SSH）推动到指定服务器

image-20220627121701900

  1. 执行启动脚本

先勾选Verbose output in console让启动日志能在jenkins滚动显示

image-20220627102932228

执行脚本demo

#!/bin/bash
JAVA_OPTS=''
JAR_FILE='/home/ccs/ccs-data-biz.jar'
CCS_DATA_LOG='/home/ccs/ccs-data.log'
#kill原来的进程
CC_DATA_PIDS=`ps -ef | grep $JAR_FILE | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9`
if [ -n $CC_DATA_PIDS ];then
    for PID in $CC_DATA_PIDS
	do
		if [ -n $PID ];then
			echo "Kill process ${PID}">> $START_LOG
			kill -9 $PID
		fi
	done
fi
##启动日志
START_LOG='/home/ccs/start.log'
if [[ ! -f $START_LOG ]];then
	touch $START_LOG
fi
echo ''>>$START_LOG
echo "【$(date +%Y-%m-%d" "%H:%M:%S)】Enter into start script">> $START_LOG

echo "启动项目……"
if [ -f $JAR_FILE ];then
    echo 'Starting java programe.....'>> $START_LOG
    nohup java -jar -server -Xms1000m -Xmx1000m ${JAR_FILE}|tee ${CCS_DATA_LOG}|sed -e '/send-msg->/Q' &
fi
exit 0

关键是后面这个启动命令nohup java -jar -server -Xms1000m -Xmx1000m ${JAR_FILE}|tee ${CCS_DATA_LOG}|sed -e '/send-msg->/Q' &

使用tee命令把输出源写入文件${CCS_DATA_LOG}，同时在控制台也要显示，sed -e '/send-msg->/Q'这个很重要，代表当日志出现内容send-msg->时结束，一定要给启动命令一个结束标志，不然会把jenkins流水阻塞。

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